Dietary Intake of Vitamin K in Relation to BMD in Korean Adults: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010 – 2011) (Kim MS, et al.)
The Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition just published a population-based study that examined the connection between Korean diet and incidence of diminished bone mineral density (BMD).
According to the authors, low vitamin K nutritional status has been associated with increased risk of fracture, however inconsistent results exist to support the role of vitamin K on bone mineral density depending on ethnic difference and gender. To that end, their objective was to determine vitamin K intake in Korean adults, examine correlation between vitamin K intake and bone mineral density.
According to the authors, low vitamin K nutritional status has been associated with increased risk of fracture, however inconsistent results exist to support the role of vitamin K on bone mineral density depending on ethnic difference and gender. To that end, their objective was to determine vitamin K intake in Korean adults, examine correlation between vitamin K intake and bone mineral density.
This study analyzed raw data from the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for adults (2,785 men, 4,307 women) aged over 19 years.
- Trained dietitians collected dietary intake data in person by using 24-h recall method. Each subject’s vitamin K (phylloquinone) intake was calculated by Computer Aided Nutritional analysis Program ver. 4.0 (The Korean Nutrition Society, Seoul, Korea) in which the food composition table was supplied by the Korea National Academy of Agricultural Science and the United States Department of Agriculture database.
- The BMD measurement were performed in total femur, trochanteric, intertrochanteric, femoral neck, ward and lumbar spine (first, second and third) by using Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; DEXA (DISCOVERY-W fan-beam densitometer) in KNHANES. T-score values of these bone sites were used for analysis. The Osteoporosis status was determined by Asian population criteria; less than –2.5 for osteoporosis and between –2.5 and –1.0 for osteopenia by T-score.
- Serum vitamin D was analyzed using radioimmunoassay (1470 WIZARD gamma-Counter,).
Cross-sectional analyses showed only positive association between vitamin K intake and femur bone mineral density in men after adjusting bone-related factors. However, women in high tertiles of vitamin K intake had a significantly higher bone mineral density both in femur and lumber as compared to women in lowest tertiles (p<0.05). The risk for osteoporosis was decreased as vitamin K intake increased in women, but this effect was not persisted after adjusting factors.
“The findings of this study indicate that low dietary vitamin K intake was associated with low bone mineral density in subjects,” the authors write. “From these results we may suggest an increase in dietary vitamin K intakes for maintaining bone mineral density.”
“This supports that K vitamins deliver benefits, and that K1 could have a bearing on bone health,” says Dr. Katarzyna Maresz, president of the International Science and Health Foundation. “What would have been interesting to see would be the consideration of participants’ dietary Vitamin K2 intake.”
Reference:
Kim MS, Kim ES, Sohn CM. “Dietary intake of vitamin K in relation to bone mineral density in Korea adults: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2011).” J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2015 Nov;57(3):2237. doi: 10.3164/jcbn.1498.